infection
英
/ɪnˈfekʃn/
美
/ɪnˈfekʃn/
n.
传染;(身体某部位的)感染;传染病
复数： infections
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牛津词典
noun
1
[U] 传染；感染
the act or process of causing or getting a disease
to be exposed to infection
暴露于易受感染的环境
to increase the risk of infection
增加传染的危险
see also cross-infection
2
[C] （身体某部位的）感染；传染病
an illness that is caused by bacteria or a virus and that affects one part of the body
an ear/throat, etc. infection
耳部、喉部等感染
to spread an infection
传染疾病
note at disease
compare contagion
百度翻译对原文进行调整，例句发音部分来自牛津
词语辨析
disease illness disorder infection condition ailment bug
These are all words for a medical problem. 以上各词均表示健康问题。
disease
a medical problem affecting humans, animals or plants, often caused by infection 常指人、动植物感染的病、疾病：
He suffers from a rare blood disease.
他患有一种罕见的血液病。
illness
a medical problem, or a period of suffering from one 指病、疾病、患病期：
She died after a long illness.
她久病不愈而亡。
用disease还是illness？
Disease is used to talk about more severe physical medical problems, especially those that affect the organs. Illness is used to talk about both more severe and more minor medical problems, and those that affect mental health.
disease指较严重的身体疾病，尤其是影响身体器官的疾病。
illness指重病或小病均可，也可指精神上的疾病：
heart/kidney/liver illness
mental disease
Disease is not used about a period of illness.
disease不指患病期：
she died after a long disease
disorder
( rather formal ) an illness that causes a part of the body to stop functioning correctly 指失调、紊乱、不适、疾病：
a rare disorder of the liver
一种罕见的肝病
注释
A disorder is generally not infectious. Disorder occurs most frequently with words relating to mental problems, for example psychiatric , personality , mental and eating . When it is used to talk about physical problems, it most often occurs with blood , bowel and kidney , and these are commonly serious , severe or rare .
disorder一般不传染，多与有关精神问题的词连用，如psychiatric/personality/mental/eating disorder（精神错乱；人格障碍；精神紊乱；进食障碍）。谈到身体方面的问题常与下列词连用，如blood/bowel/kidney disorder（血液病；肠道失调；肾脏疾病），这些疾病一般用serious、severe或rare等词修饰。
infection
an illness that is caused by bacteria or a virus and that affects one part of the body 指由细菌或病毒引起的身体某部位的感染或传染疾病：
a throat infection
喉部感染
condition
a medical problem that you have for a long time because it is not possible to cure it 指因不可治愈而长期患有的疾病：
a heart condition
心脏病
ailment
( rather formal ) an illness that is not very serious 指轻病、小恙：
childhood ailments
儿童患的小病
bug
( informal ) an infectious illness that is usually fairly mild 指轻微的传染病、小病：
a nasty flu bug
严重的流感
常用搭配
(a) bowel / heart / liver / respiratory disease / disorder / condition
a mental / psychiatric / psychological illness / disorder / condition
to have / suffer from a(n) disease / illness / disorder / infection / condition / ailment / bug
to catch / contract / get / pick up a(n) disease / illness / infection / bug
to carry / pass on / spread / transmit a(n) disease / illness / infection
柯林斯词典
infection
频次
1
N-COUNT 传染病;感染
An infection is a disease caused by germs or bacteria.
Ear infections are common in pre-school children...
耳部感染在学前儿童中很常见。
英英释义
noun
1
(international law) illegality that taints or contaminates a ship or cargo rendering it liable to seizure
2
moral corruption or contamination
ambitious men are led astray by an infection that is almost unavoidable
3
the communication of an attitude or emotional state among a number of people
a contagion of mirth
the infection of his enthusiasm for poetry
Synonym:
contagion
4
an incident in which an infectious disease is transmitted
Synonym:
contagiontransmission
5
(medicine) the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms and their multiplication which can lead to tissue damage and disease
6
(phonetics) the alteration of a speech sound under the influence of a neighboring sound
7
the pathological state resulting from the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms
数据来源：WordNet
双语例句
全部 传染 感染 传染病
1
This acute infection of the brain is almost invariably fatal.
这种急性大脑传染病几乎总是导致死亡。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
2
There is no vaccine against HIV infection.
现在还没有防艾滋病病毒传染的疫苗。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
3
The risk of infection is appreciably higher among children.
儿童受到感染的危险性要高得多。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
4
AIDS lowers the body's resistance to infection.
艾滋病降低了身体的抗感染能力。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
5
The infection did not respond to the drugs.
这些药物对感染没有起作用。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
6
Dressings are changed four hourly to help prevent infection.
每四小时更换一次敷料，以防感染。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
7
All donated blood is tested for HIV and other infections.
对所有捐献的血都要进行艾滋病病毒和其他传染病病毒检测。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
8
The doctor probed the wound for signs of infection.
医生检查伤口是否有感染的迹象。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
9
These symptoms may be referable to virus infection rather than parasites.
这些症状也许是由病毒感染引起的，而与寄生虫无关。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
10
‘ I have a chest infection, ’ she wheezed.
“我胸部受到了感染。”她呼哧呼哧地说。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
11
One theory is that the infection has been present in humans for a very long time
有一种理论认为，这种传染病存在于人类中已经有很长时间了。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
12
All blood products are now heat treated to kill off any infection.
目前所有血液制品均经过热处理，以防止各种感染。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
13
Antibiotics should be used to clear up the infection
应该用抗生素消除感染。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
14
Exactly which bacteria cause the infection is still unknown.
到底是什么细菌引起的感染还不清楚。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
15
There's a time lag between infection with HIV and developing AIDS
从感染艾滋病病毒到病发有一段滞后期。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
16
A cold is an infection of the upper respiratory tract.
感冒是上呼吸道的感染。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
17
She was on antibiotics for an eye infection that wouldn't go away
由于眼睛感染一直不见好，她在服用抗生素。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
18
There was no danger of transmitting the infection through operations.
不存在通过手术传播这种传染病的风险。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
19
There is lowered pain tolerance, lowered resistance to infection.
对疼痛的忍耐力降低了，对感染的抵抗力也减弱了。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
20
One of the long-lasting effects of the infection is damage to a valve in the heart
感染的其中一个长期后果是使心脏瓣膜受损。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
21
One dose of penicillin can wipe out the infection.
一剂青霉素就能消除感染。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
22
A suppressed immune system puts a transplant recipient at risk of other infections.
接受器官移植的病人免疫系统受到抑制后很可能会感染其他疾病。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
23
The creams have been used to reduce vaginal infections.
已使用这种乳膏来减少阴道感染。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
24
Infection with head lice is no reflection on personal hygiene
头上生虱子并不说明不讲个人卫生。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
25
There are many creams available from the chemist which should clear the infection
很多能够消除这种感染的药膏在药店就能买到。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
26
The virus can incubate for up to ten days after the initial infection.
病毒在初次感染以后可以潜伏长达10天。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
27
He ran a lot of tests and it turned out I had an infection called mycoplasma
他进行了多项检查，最后证明我感染了支原体。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
28
Unfortunately these drugs are quite toxic and hinder the body's ability to fight off infection
可惜的是，这些药物毒性很大，会削弱身体对感染的抵抗力。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
29
They've picked up a really nasty infection from something they've eaten.
他们因吃错东西而得了很严重的感染症。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
30
Infections are more likely in those suffering from malnutrition.
营养不良的人更有可能被传染。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
词语用例
词语搭配
infection与以下词性连用
n.
cases of infection
传染病病例
rates of infection
感染率
risk of infection
感染风险
symptoms of infection
感染症状
v.
cause an infection
引起感染
have an infection
受感染
prevent infection
预防感染
spread an infection
传播传染病
