This is a lovely IELTS Speaking conversation with a student from Bangladesh, giving you phrases and tips to make your IELTS Speaking answers more effective.
这是一场与孟加拉国学生的雅思口语对话，里面有很多短语和技巧，助你的雅思口语答案更上一层楼。
Hello, this is Keith from English Speaking Success and the website Keith Speaking Academy, helping you speak better English, give better answers, and get a higher score on IELTS Speaking.
大家好，我是 English Speaking Success 和网站 Keith Speaking Academy 的基思，帮助大家提高英语口语，给出更好的答案，并在雅思口语中获得更高的分数。
Today, I'm delighted to share this conversation with you.
今天，我很高兴与大家分享这段对话。
It's a student called Abir.
这位学生叫阿比尔。
He's from Bangladesh.
他来自孟加拉国。
And in this conversation, we want to show you some lovely phrases that Abir uses and also some tips to help you prepare for IELTS Speaking.
在这次对话中，我们想向大家展示阿比尔使用的一些非常好的短语，以及一些帮助大家准备雅思口语的技巧。
Do note at times, I also give my opinion because it's a conversation.
我会时不时给出我的意见，因为这是一次对话。
Of course, in the real IELTS Speaking test, the examiner asks, you answer.
当然，在真正的雅思口语考试中，考官问，你答。
The examiner does not give their opinion.
考官不会给出他们的意见。
That's up to you to give the answers. Okay.
只有你在回答。嗯。
So in this video, we'll go through the conversation.
在这个视频中，我们把对话看完。
We're gonna talk about, well, introductions, transport, technology, and business.
我们要聊，嗯，自我介绍，交通，技术和商业。
And also after each clip, I'll just do a small analysis of some of the language that you can also learn from Abir and practice and start to use as well.
在每个片段之后，我将对一些语言做一个小的分析，你也可以从阿比尔那里学习和练习，并开始使用这些用词。
At the very end, in the conversation, we talk about tips and tricks to help you learn English and prepare better for the IELTS Speaking Test.
在对话的最后，我们讨论了帮助大家学习英语和更好地准备雅思口语考试的技巧和诀窍。
Right, without further ado, let's jump in.
好了，废话不多说，我们开始吧。
Right. Hello, Abir. Hi.
你好，阿比尔。嗨。
Yeah, hello.
你好。
How are you doing?
你过得怎么样？
I'm really good, thank you.
很好，谢谢。
I'm very, very well.
非常好。
What about you?
你呢？
I'm doing great.
我很好。
I mean, today, I'm really excited about today's session.
我对今天的见面非常兴奋。
Right. Listen, it's great to see you here.
很好。听着，很高兴在这里见到你。
Thank you so much for joining me today.
非常感谢你今天和我一起聊天。
And we're gonna have a conversation and talk about some different topics.
我们要进行一次对话，谈论一些不同的话题。
I'd like to begin with you, Abir.
我想从你开始，阿比尔。
Tell us a bit about you and where you are from.
告诉我们一些关于你的事情，例如你来自哪里。
Well, my full name is Abir Ahmed.
我的全名是阿比尔·艾哈迈德。
You can also call me Abir.
你也可以叫我阿比尔。
And I'm from Bangladesh, South Asia.
我来自南亚的孟加拉国。
And I live in the city called Khulna, which is in the southern part of my country.
我住在一个叫库尔纳的城市，它位于我国的南部。
And you can say this is an industrial area also.
你也可以说这是一个工业区。
Right. Okay. And what do you do in Khulna?
好。你在库尔纳是做什么的？
Well, presently, I'm a first-year undergraduate student and I'm studying in the Department of Business Administration.
嗯，目前我是本科生一年级的学生，我在工商管理系学习。
And that's really great to listen Khulna from you.
听到你说库尔纳真好。
Right. Right, first-year undergraduate student, so, and you're doing business administration.
好，你是本科生一年级的学生，你学的是工商管理。
Why did you choose that subject?
你为什么选择这个专业？
Well, I'm really passionate about that.
嗯，我非常喜欢这个专业。
Down the road, I have a plan to be an entrepreneur and that's why, if I'm doing business administration right now, maybe that will help me a bit.
未来，我想成为一个企业家，这就是为什么，如果我现在读工商管理，也许会对我有所帮助。
And that's why I chose that.
这就是我选择这个专业的原因。
I'm really passionate about that, basically.
所以，我对这个专业充满热情。
Do you enjoy your classes?
你喜欢你的课吗？
Yeah, all the time.
喜欢，非常喜欢。
I mean, if I need to speak specifically, then marketing.
具体一点，我最新欢市场营销课。
Marketing fascinates me a lot.
市场营销让我很着迷。
And for this reason, I chose business administration.
因为这个原因，我选择了工商管理。
Right, fantastic.
嗯，太棒了。
That's great.
那太好了。
Let's look at some really useful phrases Abir uses.
让我们看看阿比尔使用的一些非常有用的短语。
When I ask him, why did you choose that subject?
当我问他，你为什么选择这个专业？
He said, "I'm really passionate about that." Right.
他说，I'm really passionate about that。
To be passionate about something is to love something.
be passionate about something 就是热爱某事。
Right. Can be a hobby, subject, work, study.
可以是爱好、学科、工作、学习。
You can have different phrases going up in strength.
有不同的短语可以表达这个意思。
You can say, I like that, I'm into that, I'm passionate about that, I'm mad about that.
你可以说，I like that，I'm into that，I'm passionate about that，I'm mad about that。
He also says, "Marketing fascinates me." Something fascinates me.
他还说，“市场营销让我着迷”。某事让我着迷。
It interests me a lot.
我对它很感兴趣。
Really a lot.
真的很感兴趣。
Right. We could say education fascinates me.
我们可以说教育令我着迷。
Teaching fascinates me.
教书让我着迷。
Can you say that, fascinates?
会读吗？fascinates。
Great.
太好了。
What fascinates you?
什么东西让你着迷？
Lovely.
很好。
Another beautiful phrase.
另一个很好的短语。
It's idiomatic that Abir uses is, "Down the road, I have a plan to," do something.
阿比尔说的是，down the road, I have a plan to 干啥啥。
Down the road doesn't mean, well, there.
Down the road 意思不是“沿着这条路”。
It means in the future, right.
而是“在未来”。
Down the road, in the future.
Down the road，在未来。
"Down the road, I want to be an entrepreneur." An entrepreneur, somebody who works for themself and starts a business, right.
“未来，我想成为一名企业家。”企业家，就是自己给自己打工的创业者。
Down the road I want to do something.
未来，我想干啥啥的。
What do you want to do down the road?
你以后想做什么？
Lovely.
很好。
Let's move on.
让我们继续。
Now you mentioned you are from Khulna which is in the south.
你刚才提到你来自南部的库尔纳。
Did you say it was in the south of Bangladesh?
你说是在孟加拉国南部？
For sure, south.
当然，南方。
Okay.
好吧。
I'm interested about transport in your city.
我想了解一下你们城市的交通。
What kind of public transport do you have?
你们有什么公共交通工具？
Well, in my country, basically, if I talk about public transports, then we have buses and trains.
嗯，在我的国家，基本上，如果我说的是公共交通，那么我们有公共汽车和火车。
And our government has already introduced MRT and LRT.
我们的政府已经引进了捷运和轻轨。
And those are pretty convenient means of travel, I would say.
这些都是非常方便的旅行方式。
Right. And what about you?
好。那你呢？
How do you get around the city?
你是如何在城市中出行的？
Well, it depends.
嗯，看情况吧。
I mean, when I just need to get around my city or there's a short distance, then I choose public transport.
我的意思是，当我只需要在我的城市里转转，或者距离很近时，我会选择公共交通工具。
And when I just need to get away from it or I'm traveling somewhere else, I choose private transportation because it's really comfortable I will say.
当我需要离开我的城市或者我要去别的地方旅行时，我会选择私人交通工具，因为我觉得私人交通工具非常舒服。
Right. When you mentioned public transport then, so does that mean that you take the bus, do you take the train?
你刚才提到的公共交通，是指你坐公共汽车，还是坐火车？
It depends.
这要看情况。
I mean, sometimes I take the bus or sometimes the train and it depends on the purpose I'm dealing with basically.
我的意思是，有时我坐公共汽车，有时坐火车，这主要取决于我要去的目的地。
Right, okay.
好的。
Here where I live in Santander, we have quite a good public transport system.
我住在桑坦德，这里有非常好的公共交通系统。
We have buses.
我们有公共汽车。
The only problem with buses is they do get very, very crowded, especially in the rush hour.
公交车唯一的问题就是会非常非常拥挤，尤其是在上下班高峰期。
What's it like in your city?
你们那里怎么样？
Well, the same here, because our country is an overpopulated country and you know public transport is pretty affordable and for this reason, it's a bustling city and sometimes people get crowded there as well.
嗯，这里也是一样，因为我们国家人口过多，公共交通很便宜，正因为如此，我们国家很繁华，有时也会很拥挤。
We face the same issue.
我们面临同样的问题。
Right. The same thing.
对。一样的。
And here, the government's investing a lot in improving the transport.
在这里，政府投入了大量资金来改善交通。
How do you think the transport system will change in the future in your city?
你认为你所在城市未来的交通系统会发生什么变化？
I have been mulling over this a lot recently and I guess, I mean the way people are gathering in different public transportation or public places, the government can introduce some flyovers.
我最近一直在思考这个问题，我想，我的意思是，人们聚集在不同的公共交通或公共场所的方式，政府可以引入一些立交桥。
They can also impose strict laws just to decrease unlicensed vehicles.
他们也可以实施严格的法律来减少无牌车辆。
That will be pretty convenient for the pedestrians or the people who are traveling.
这对行人和旅行者都很方便。
And another thing I will say, our government has taken some of the initiatives and we are waiting for when they will get on with all this.
我要说的另一件事是，我们的政府已经采取了一些主动行动，我们正在等待他们什么时候开始着手这一切。
Hoping that it happens sooner rather than later, right?
希望政府能尽快行动，对吧？
Right, talking about transport, Abir uses some really nice phrases.
好，谈到交通，阿比尔用了一些非常好的短语。
I asked him, how do you get around your city?
我问他，你在你的城市如何出行？
Right. How do you move around the city?
对吧。你如何在城市中走动？
He said, "If I need to get away from it all, then I," da da da da.
他说，If I need to get away from it all, then I...
He takes the bus or takes the train.
他坐公共汽车或火车。
To get away from it all is idiomatic and it means really to escape the noise and activity of a city, to get away from it all.
get away from it all 是一个习语，意思是远离城市的噪音和活动，远离这一切。
Nice expression.
不错的表达。
He then uses adverbs really well.
然后他把副词用得很好。
He says something is, "really comfortable." He said the price is, "pretty affordable," really nice.
他说，某事“真的很舒服”。他说价格“相当实惠”，非常好。
It's a simple way to make your answers more beautiful. Right.
这是一个让你的答案更漂亮的简单方法。
Use adverbs really comfortable instead of very comfortable, instead of very affordable, it's pretty affordable.
用副词，really comfortable，而不是 very comfortable，用 pretty affordable，而不是 very affordable。
You can say it's fairly affordable, it's quite affordable, or even it's reasonably affordable.
你可以说 it's fairly affordable，it's quite affordable，甚至 reasonably affordable。
These adverbs are really good.
这些副词真不错。
He also uses adjectives really effectively.
他还非常有效地使用形容词。
He talks about, "It's a bustling city," bustling.
他谈到，“这是一个繁华的城市”，bustling。
There's a T but you don't pronounce the T, bustling.
里面有一个 T，但你不发 T 音，bustling。
This means to be very busy and active in a positive way. Right.
意思是非常繁忙和活跃，褒义。对。
You can also say it's a buzzing city, bustling, S, buzzing with a Z, a voiced Z, a buzzing city, like the buzz of the bee.
你也可以说 it's a buzzing city（热闹），bustling，S，buzzing，一个有 Z 音，浊辅音 Z，a buzzing city，就像蜜蜂的嗡嗡声。
Or even it's a vibrant city.
或者说 it's a vibrant city（充满活力）。
Very nice.
非常好。
Be careful if you say it's a crowded city or it's a noisy city.
如果你说 a crowded city （拥挤）或者 it's a noisy city（嘈杂），要小心。
These are both slightly negative. Right.
这两个词都略带贬义。对。
Whereas bustling, buzzing, and vibrant are positive.
而 bustling、buzzing 和 vibrant 都是褒义词。
Great.
很好。
I go on to ask Abir how will public transport change in the future, down the road? Right.
我接着问阿比尔，未来的公共交通会发生什么变化？
He says, "I've been mulling over this a lot recently." To mull over something is to think about something carefully. Right.
他说，“我最近一直在考虑这个问题。”mull over something 表示仔细考虑某事。
And he uses the present perfect continuous.
他用现在完成进行时。
Very nice.
非常好。
I've been mulling over this a lot recently.
我最近一直在考虑这个问题。
I've been thinking about it.
我一直在想这件事。
Lovely.
很好。
He then uses some expressions 'cause he's talking about the government.
然后他用了一些表达，因为他在谈论政府。
Very often when we are asked about changes in the future, you may talk about what the government is doing.
很多时候，当我们被问及未来的变化时，你可能会说政府正在做什么。
He says, "The government should impose strict laws." Very nice collocation, impose strict laws, which is to establish some strong laws.
他说，“政府应该实施严格的法律”。很好的搭配，impose strict laws，意思是建立一些强有力的法律。
He says, "The government has taken some initiatives," so to take an initiative is to begin to do something that they should do. Right.
他说，“政府已经采取了一些措施”，take an initiative 就是开始做一些他们应该做的事情。对。
The government has taken some initiatives.
政府已经采取了一些举措。
Very nice.
非常好。
Let's carry on.
让我们继续。
Fantastic.
很好。
I guess, in most cities a key part of transportation in the future is investing in technology and I'm interested in technology in your country.
我想，在大多数城市，未来交通的一个关键部分是投资技术，我对你们国家的技术很感兴趣。
Have there been many changes in technology in recent years?
这几年技术有很多变化吗？
Yeah, there is already changes because I mean, for the last two years, we have been running up against great difficulties in terms of education.
是的，已经发生了变化，因为在过去的两年里，我们在教育方面遇到了巨大的困难。
Because after COVID what happened that all the education system is now online based and our teachers were not that much capable because that was in the earlier stage when we faced great amount of issues and our government currently is working.
因为在新冠疫情之后，所有的教育系统现在都基于在线，当时我们的教师没有那么强的能力，因为那是在早期阶段，我们面临着大量的问题，我们的政府目前正在努力。
As students, we are also working to skill up our technological knowledge and other things because this is the era of cutting-edge technologies.
作为学生，我们也在努力提高我们的技术知识，因为这是尖端技术的时代。
Without technology, you cannot go a single day.
没有科技，你一天都过不下去。
And how do you hone your skills around technology?
你如何在技术方面磨练自己的技能？
Well, what I do, I take different kind of online courses.
嗯，我所做的是，我参加不同类型的在线课程。
That's the first thing.
这是第一点。
And sometimes to brush up on my skills I practice, I try to make some tutorials on YouTube.
有时为了提高我的技能，我尝试在 YouTube 上做一些教程。
I try by my own and sometimes, I also try to teach my friends because teaching is the best way to practice and I'm trying to do that.
我会自己尝试，有时我会试着教我的朋友，因为教学是最好的练习方式，我也在努力这样做。
Oh, that's fantastic.
哦，那太棒了。
I totally agree.
我非常认可。
The best way to learn something is actually to teach it.
学习的最好方法就是去教它。
Very, very true.
非常非常正确。
Yeah.
是啊。
Do you think that technology makes our lives easier or harder?
你认为科技使我们的生活更容易还是更困难？
I'll say easier because due to the blessings of technology, I mean we're having different things automated and that's why we don't need to think much.
我会说得更简单，因为由于技术的加持，我们正在实现不同的自动化，我们现在不需要思考太多。
And once in a blue moon nowadays, I just take notes or note down my to-do list.
现在，我很少会做笔记或记下我的待办事项清单。
Now I'm doing that due to the blessings of technology.
现在我这么做是因为有了科技。
I have online to-do list planner.
我有在线待办事项列表计划器。
And that's the way technology is helping us, I mean it's reducing our stress and workload.
这就是技术帮助我们的方式，它减少了我们的压力和工作量。
We can just make things done or we can get things done easily than before, I will say.
我们可以比以前更容易地把事情做好。
Right.
对。
Now earlier, we were talking about technology and older people, you know.
之前，我们谈到了科技和老年人。
I was saying, I'm, you know, I'm 55. I'm getting old, I'm not a spring chicken.
我 55 岁了。我老了，我不是年轻的孩子了。
Do you think that technology poses challenges for older people?
你认为科技给老年人带来了挑战吗？
Obviously, it is.
显然，是的。
I mean older people find it really difficult.
老年人觉得很难适应。
As I have mentioned that it's kinda rocket science for them because they are from an age where they didn't face that kind of technology.
正如我所提到的，科技对他们来说有点像火箭，因为他们来自一个没有这种技术的时代。
Their upbringing wasn't like that.
他们的成长经历不是这样的。
And now they have to adapt all the new things.
现在他们必须适应所有的新事物。
They have to adapt all these and you are a smart guy, that's why you could do that.
他们必须适应所有这些，你是一个聪明的人，你能做到这一点。
In our country, there are some silver surfers in our country.
在我国，有一些老年网上冲浪者。
They're trying to do that.
他们正在尝试适应科技。
But I will not say they're an expert about it.
但他们不是这方面的专家。
They're trying really hard.
他们很努力在学习。
Right, right.
好的，好的。
I'm very proud to be a silver surfer, almost.
我很自豪能成为一名老年冲浪者。
Yeah.
是啊。
I'm not sure if I'm smart.
我不确定我是否聪明。
I think I'm very persistent. Right.
我认为我很执着。对吧。
I just carry on, and carry on, and carry on.
我只是坚持，坚持，坚持。
Yeah. Whatever I'm doing at the age of 20, you're doing at the age of 55.
是啊。20 岁的我做的事情，55 岁的你也在做。
It's really great, I would say.
真的很棒。
Right. Thank you.
对。谢谢你。
What about computers?
电脑呢？
Do you, I mean, do you use computers a lot?
你经常使用电脑吗？
What do you use them for?
你用电脑做什么？
Well, I use computer a lot because what happens that all the activities that I'm doing right now is based on computer.
嗯，我经常使用电脑，因为我现在做的所有活动都是基于电脑的。
Without a computer, it's like I cannot do a single day.
没有电脑，我一天都做不出来。
I cannot take a single step without a computer.
没有电脑，我啥也干不成。
Presently, we're shooting, I also take online classes of mine and through computer and also, I'm brushing up my skills as I have mentioned before, through computer.
目前，我们正在拍摄，我也参加了我的在线课程，通过电脑，正如我之前提到的，我正在通过电脑复习我的技能。
I'm really into marketing.
我对市场营销很感兴趣。
So I need to design.
所以我需要学设计。
Yeah. Also, I'm doing that using softwares and computers.
是啊。因此，我正在使用软件和计算机来学习设计。
So totally, I'm wrapped with technology, I will say.
所以，我完全被科技包围了。
Right, interesting.
嗯，很有趣。
Let's continue looking at some really nice phrases on the topic of technology.
让我们继续看一些关于技术主题的非常好的短语。
Again, I asked the question, have there been changes in technology in recent years, right?
我问了这个问题，近年来技术有变化吗？
Have there been changes?
有变化吗（现在完成时）？
So something happening in the past up until today and Abir says, "We have been running up against great difficulties in terms of education." To run up against a problem is to face a problem or to hit a problem, right?
过去发生的一些事情持续到今天，阿比尔说，“我们在教育方面遇到了巨大的困难”。run up against a problem 就是面对问题或遇到问题。
We can say to run up against.
我们可以说 run up against。
Run up against a problem, run up against a difficulty, run up against a challenge.
可以搭配 problem，difficulty，challenge。
I love that.
我喜欢。
Run up against, it should be a song.
Run up against，应该是一首歌。
So he says, we've been running up against great difficulties.
他说，我们遇到了很大的困难。
Notice the tense, right, present perfect continuous.
注意时态，现在完成进行。
We have been, plus the verb, I-N-G, we have been doing, the present perfect continuous, is to describe an activity that began in the past and is happening again and again up until the present.
We have been，加动词 ING 形式，我们一直在做某事，现在完成进行时，是描述一种活动，始于过去，一次又一次地发生，直到现在。
Lovely.
很好。
Very nice.
非常好。
We have been running up against some difficulties in terms of education.
我们在教育方面遇到了一些困难。
Nice.
不错。
He goes on to talk about skills and improving skills.
他继续谈论技能和提高技能。
He actually says, "They are working to skill up." Now, it's okay, but in fact, it's much more common to say to upskill.
他说，“他们在努力提高技能（skill up）”。可以这样说，但更常见的我们用 upskill。
So people are working to upskill.
人们在努力提高技能（upskill）。
Right. That would be the better verb, to upskill, to improve your skills. Okay.
这个动词更合适，upskill，提高技能。好吧。
On a similar idea, he talks about brushing up on my skills.
基于类似的想法，他谈到了 brushing up on my skills。
I said, how do you hone your skills around technology, right?
我说，你如何在技术方面磨练你的技能？
To hone, to improve your skills.
hone，提高技能。
He says, "I take some online courses to brush up on my skills." Brush up on, three words, right, one sound.
他说：“我参加一些在线课程来提高我的技能。”brush up on，三个字，一个音。
Brush up on my skills.
“提高我的技能”。
To brush up on something is to refresh and improve a skill that you've learned but probably forgotten, brush up on.
brush up on something 是指温习和提高你已经学到但可能忘记的技能，brush up on。
Can you say that?
会读吗？
Brush up on, right.
Brush up on，对。
So maybe you want to brush up on your English or brush up on your typing skills.
也许你想提高你的英语或打字技巧。
I don't know.
我不知道。
Another question I ask is, do you think technology makes our lives easier or harder?
我问的另一个问题是，你认为科技让我们的生活更容易还是更艰难？
Very common IELTS question, right?
很普通的雅思题，对吧？
And he says, "Well, due to the blessings of technology," the blessings is an interesting word.
他说：“多亏了科技的加持”，blessings 是个很有趣的词。
It's often used around religion to pray or to give a prayer.
它通常用于宗教祈祷。
But here it means the help, right?
但这里的意思是帮助。
Due to the blessings of technology is really thanks to the help of technology.
Due to the blessings of technology，意思是多亏了技术的帮助。
Nice expression.
不错的表达。
Just to remind you, if you want a summary of all of this language, useful phrases, and the tips that come up in this lesson, you can download the PDF for free of this lesson.
只是提醒你一下，如果你想要这节课中所有用语、有用短语和技巧的总结，你可以免费下载这节课的 PDF 文件。
Just click on the link down in the description below and put in your name, your email and then you'll get the PDF.
只需单击下面描述中的链接并输入姓名、电子邮件，然后你将获得 PDF。
And also, I can send you more information about, well, other resources and tips, lessons, all for free to help you prepare for IELTS Speaking.
我也可以给你发更多关于其他资源和技巧、课程的信息，所有这些都是免费的，以帮助你准备雅思口语。
I'd like to come back to a topic we talked about earlier.
我想回到我们之前谈到的一个话题。
You've talked about being a student studying an MBA and you mentioned about becoming an entrepreneur, so on under this topic of business, right?
你谈到了作为一名攻读 MBA 的学生，你提到了要成为一名企业家，所以在商业这个话题下。
Do you think that it's better to work for a company or to be an entrepreneur?
你觉得是给别人打工好还是当企业家好？
Well, it depends.
嗯，这要看情况。
When we are starting in our early age, then we obviously can work for a company.
当我们年轻的时候，我们显然可以去打工。
We can have lots of knowledge from them.
我们可以从别人那里得到很多知识。
And it happens that when we are working for a company, they already have different kind of connections.
我们的老板，他们通常已经有很多关系网络了。
So it's easy to talk with people, learn from them.
所以，我们可以很容易跟他们交谈，向他们学习。
But in this today's age, I mean it's really, I mean I will say if someone is just relying on job, they're not playing a safe bet because you know, few days ago Meta laid off their 11,000 plus employees.
但在今天这个时代，我的意思是，我想说的是，如果有人只是靠给别人打工，这并不是万无一失的，因为你知道，几天前 Meta 解雇了超过 1.1 万名员工。
So it's really risky and in today's time, in our country, all over the world, they're trained, it's a great practice that youngsters are coming up with great ideas.
所以这真的很冒险，在今天的时代，在我们国家，在全世界，他们都受过培训，这是一个很好的实践，年轻人想出了很好的想法。
They're working their butt off to make something new, bring about changes to bring about breakthrough.
他们拼命工作，创造新事物，带来改变，带来突破。
So to my way of thinking, or maybe it differs from person to person, but I'm really a great fan of being an entrepreneur.
所以在我看来，或者可能因人而异，但我真的非常喜欢成为企业家。
Right. Very interesting.
好。非常有趣。
And what about family businesses?
那么家族企业呢？
Are there many family businesses where you live?
你住的地方有很多家族企业吗？
Yeah, obviously.
对，有。
I mean in my country what happens the youngsters are not that much likely to start something by their own.
在我的国家，年轻人不太可能自己白手起家。
There are few.
很少。
So I would consider them a minority.
所以我认为他们是少数派。
And in our country, I mean there are some big businesses and they're really from, I mean they have a great family background.
在我们国家，有一些大企业，他们真的来自，我是说他们有很好的家庭背景。
They have been doing that for 100 years or 50, 60 years.
他们已经做了 100 年或者 50、60 年了。
So yeah, family businesses, I mean are really here, I would say.
这里有家族企业。
I'm curious what kind of family businesses you have?
我很好奇你那里都有什么样的家族企业？
I mean, where I live we have typically the small shops and the bakers and the butchers, the fishmongers, all of these are typically family businesses.
我住的地方有典型的小商店、面包师、屠夫、鱼贩，所有这些都是典型的家族企业。
What about in Khulna?
在库尔纳呢？
It's really great to hear my city's name by you.
听到你叫我城市的名字真是太好了。
And the thing is that in my country there are big corporations, they're run by family.
在我的国家，有一些大公司，它们是由家族经营的。
I will mention one of them and that's Bashundhara Group, there's Bashundhara Group.
我要提到其中一个，那就是 Bashundhara 集团，Bashundhara Group 集团。
They're providing us all the basic commodities like tissue, paper, and other basic stuffs.
他们为我们提供所有的基本商品，如纸巾、纸和其他基本物品。
And another thing is that I will say they still are the business of construction, you know, infrastructure development is really a good practice here.
他们还涉及建筑行业，基础建设行业在这里非常吃香。
We are a developing country and different kind of groups like Akis or others are really doing great.
我们是一个发展中国家，像 Akis 等这些不同类型的集团在这里发展得真的很好。
I mean they're running their business like it's a family legacy I would say.
他们经营自己的企业就像经营家族遗产一样。
Right. Interesting. Very interesting.
嗯。很有趣非常有趣。
That's great.
非常好。
Now, we talk about the topic of business and we talked about whether you should work for a company or be an entrepreneur.
我们讨论了商业的话题，我们讨论了你应该成为打工人还是成为一名企业家。
Abir said that people are laid off, nice expression, right?
阿比尔说 people are laid off，不错的表达。
To be laid off is to lose your job because of hard economic times, right?
To be laid off 就是因为经济困难而失业。
Different from, "To be fired", which means you lose your job because you are not good at it or you've done something wrong.
与 to be fired 不同，to be fired 意味着你因为不擅长或做错了什么而失业。
To be laid off is just that the company cannot afford to keep you.
To be laid off 是公司没办法留住你。
He then said something that made me smile because it's very colloquial and that was, "They are working their butt off to learn something new." To work your butt off is to work very hard.
然后他说了一些话让我笑了，因为这很口语化，那就是，“他们正在拼命学习新东西。”To work your butt off 就是非常努力地工作。
I smile because butt is your bum or your ass.
我笑是因为 butt 是你的屁股。
So to work your ass off, it means to work very hard.
所以 to work your ass off 的意思是非常努力地工作。
I prefer working your butt off. Right?
我更喜欢 working your butt off。对吧？
Butt, double T, it's a nice expression.
Butt，两个 T，这是一个很好的表达。
I think it's acceptable in IELTS Speaking, it is very colloquial.
我认为这个词在雅思口语是可以接受的，非常口语化。
I think it'll make your examiner smile as it did me.
我想这会让考官像我一样会心一笑。
We moved on to talk about family businesses in your country, in Bangladesh.
我们接着谈了孟加拉国的家族企业。
Now he says something interesting and what I liked was the word stress.
他说了一些有趣的事情，我想说说这里的重读。
He said, "They are not that likely to start something by their own." The stress on that, they are not that likely.
他说，“他们不太可能自己白手起家”。重读在 that，they are not that likely。
Meaning they're not very likely, they're not that likely to start something by their own.
意思是他们不太可能，他们不太可能自己白手起家。
He said, "by their own," it should be on their own, right?
他说，by their own，应该是 on their own，对吧？
To do something on your own is to do it without help from other people.
To do something on your own 就是在没有别人帮助的情况下做某事。
But nice.
但是不错。
He then said talking about family businesses or I think or entrepreneurs, "I consider them a minority." This is very, very nice, right?
然后他谈到家族企业，或者我认为或者企业家，“我认为他们是少数派。”这里非常好。
I consider is, I think they are a minority. Okay.
I consider 就是 I think。我认为他们是少数派。
It means that, it's similar to I think, but it really means, I've thought about it and I've decided that this is like this.
它的意思是，它跟 I think 相似，但它的意思是，我已经考虑过了，我决定是这样的。
So you could say instead of I think it's important, I consider it important.
你可以说，与其说我觉得它重要，不如说我认为它重要。
Okay. Very, very nice.
好。非常好。
We carried on to talk about family businesses and he said, "These businesses are run by families." So to be run by or to be run is to be managed by, nice.
我们继续谈论家族企业，他说，“这些企业是由家族经营的。”to be run by 或 to be run 就是由某人管理的意思。
I also like the fact he's using the passive, right?
我也喜欢他用被动。
So here we've got the subject plus to be, plus the past participant, by somebody, right, to be run by.
主语加 to be 加过去分词加 by somebody，to be run by。
So the businesses are run by families, meaning the businesses are managed by families.
the businesses are run by families，意思是这些企业是由家族管理的。
Lovely.
很好。
Finally, he talks about, "It's a family legacy, I would say." So a family legacy is typically the money, or maybe the business, or the assets, or even the values that are passed down to the next generation.
最后，他谈到，“我认为，这是家族遗产。”家族遗产通常是指传给下一代的金钱、生意、资产，甚至是价值观。
So often, a family business gets passed down to the sons and their children.
通常，家族企业会传给儿子和他们的孩子。
It's a family legacy.
这是家族遗产。
Lovely.
很好。
And I also love the fact he said, "It's a family legacy, I would say," meaning in my opinion.
我也喜欢他所说的，“我认为，这是家族遗产。”意思是，在我看来。
It's very simple English, but putting that at the end is actually very, very natural English.
这是非常简单的英语，但把它放在最后就变成非常地道自然的英语。
It's a family legacy, I would say.
我认为，这是家族遗产。
Beautiful. Very nice.
漂亮。非常好。
I'm very interested to learn a bit about you and learning English as well. I mean you, you speak excellent English.
我很有兴趣了解你和学习英语。我是说你，你英语说得很好。
It's very clear, you have a beautiful use of vocabulary.
很明显，你的词汇运用得很好。
How did you learn English?
你是怎么学英语的？
Well, I will say I learned all this from YouTube and listening to other speakers because yeah, as I have mentioned, I'm a great fan of speaking, or providing, or giving speeches.
嗯，我会说我从 YouTube 和听其他演讲者那里学到了所有这些，因为是的，正如我提到的，我非常喜欢听演讲和发表演讲。
Down the road, it's like my dream that I will talk in front of millions of people. - Right.
在未来，我梦想我能在数百万人面前进行演讲。- 嗯。
For this reason, I follow different kind of YouTubers, and you are one of them.
出于这个原因，我关注不同类型的 YouTube 博主们，你就是其中之一。
You speak really great, the way you make us understand is amazing.
你的英语很好，让我们很容易理解。
So yeah, I've also listened and I have lots of podcasts in my phone, all the time, I keep listening to that.
我手机里有很多播客，我一直在听。
And every now and then, I also visit different kind of English seminars.
我不时也会参加不同类型的英语研讨会。
I try to participate in English competitions and that's the combined package I will say.
我试着参加英语比赛，做各种各样的活动。
That's interesting.
非常有趣。
So you're surrounding yourself with English, but you are also actively practicing, like in competitions and things like that.
你用英语包围自己，但你也在积极练习，比如参加比赛之类的。
What about on a day-to-day basis? How do you practice speaking day by day?
那日常生活呢？你是如何每天练习口语的？
We talk about a day-to-day basis then I'm practicing.
我们会讨论日常的事情，然后我会练习。
I have one English partner, yeah, she is my companion and with her all the time, whenever I get some time for myself, we love, well, I love the time for practicing because we belong from Bangladesh and our native language is Bengali.
我有一个英语搭档，她是我的同伴，我一直和她在一起，每当我有时间属于自己的时候，我们都喜欢，我喜欢练习的时间，因为我们来自孟加拉国，我们的母语是孟加拉语。
So to keep our practicing every day, we obviously need a partner and yeah, if we are not practicing every day because you know, the environment is the invisible hand that shapes our behavior.
为了保持每天的练习，我们显然需要一个伙伴，如果我们不是每天都练习，因为你知道，环境是塑造我们行为的无形之手。
So without practice, I may lose my skill, what I have right now.
如果不练习，我可能会失去我的口语技能，我现在所拥有的。
That's why I have to do that.
这就是为什么我必须这么做。
And I also listen a lot of English songs and podcasts as well.
我也听很多英文歌曲和播客。
Interesting, right?
很有趣。
Yeah. I mean, we say in English, if you don't use it, you lose it.
是啊。我们英语中也有个说法，东西不用就会生锈。
It's very true. - Yeah.
这是千真万确的。- 是啊。
Right. Yeah.
对。是啊。
I also believe one of the mantra which is execution is everything.
我也相信一个准则，即执行决定一切。
Yeah, that's so, so true.
对，没错。
I mean it's lovely to hear you 'cause you obviously have a lot of knowledge but if people don't activate the knowledge, if they don't use it, it just sits there and they can't speak because it's not coming out of the mouth.
很高兴听到你这么说，因为很明显，你有很多知识，但是如果人们不激活这些知识，如果他们不使用这些知识，他们就不会说出来，因为这些知识是不会自己从嘴里蹦出来的。
So the activation's really important.
所以这种激活非常重要。
Yeah, I agree.
我同意。
Now, you mentioned earlier when we were chatting that you've taken the IELT test.
刚才我们聊天的时候，你提到你参加了雅思考试。
Why did you do that and how did it go?
你为什么要参加雅思考试，结果如何？
Well, I did that because I have already mentioned, because of my dream, I wanna speak a lot.
我这么做是因为我已经提到过，因为我的梦想，我想尽可能地说英语。
I wanna speak English in front of millions of people and I'm from Bangladesh and it's really hard to hold up that accent when you are in an environment, you can do that easily.
我想在数百万人面前说英语，我来自孟加拉国，在我的环境中，要保持英语口音真的很难，你很容易就能做到。
But for me it's like I have to work really hard for making things pan out without that, it's not possible.
但对我来说，我必须非常努力，否则这是不可能的。
And I have taken efforts to make sure that I'm doing great and I have learned about that.
我已经努力确保我做得很好，我已经学会了。
That's an international standard test.
雅思是国际标准测试。
And if I'm doing that, that's the first stage and that will be really good for me in the future.
如果我能参加雅思考试，那只是第一阶段，对我未来非常有好处。
And in our country it also happens that, I mean like if you have a good efficiency in English, you can have a good job as well.
在我们国家，如果你的英语很流利，你也可以有一份好工作。
So yeah. So I have taken that and I made a score of 7.5 overall and in terms of English, oh sorry, in terms of speaking, which is very dear to my heart, that was eight.
这就是原因。所以我参加了考试，总分是 7.5 分，就口语而言，我考了 8 分，我觉得非常不错。
Band eight.
8 分。
Well done, you, congratulations.
干得好，恭喜你。
I'm not surprised, actually.
实际上，我并不惊讶。
That's great.
那太好了。
You have great fluidity and lovely vocabulary.
你的口语非常流利，词汇也很好。
It's so interesting to listen how he learned English.
听他说他是如何学习英语的真是太有趣了。
And let me just summarize, right, how he has become such a confident speaker.
让我总结一下，他是如何说的一口自信的英语口语的。
For me there are three things that are clear, right?
对我来说，有三件事是明确的。
They jump out, that he has done.
他已经做到的几件事。
First, he uses a wide range of resources.
首先，他使用广泛的资源。
He mentioned he uses YouTube, listens to podcasts, he goes to English seminars.
他提到他使用 YouTube，听播客，参加英语研讨会。
Absolutely brilliant.
非常棒。
Second, he's highly motivated.
其次，他有很强的动力。
Incredibly motivated, right?
难以置信的动力。
He says he wants to become a public speaker.
他说他想成为一名公共演说家。
He wants to speak in front of hundreds, thousands of people.
他想在成百上千的人面前演讲。
He also mentioned to me that he does like and wants to teach other people, teaching is the best way to learn something.
他还向我提到，他确实喜欢并想教别人，教学是学习的最好方式。
So his is motivation is key.
所以他的动力是关键。
And that's so important because sometimes work and study gets so difficult.
这很重要，因为有时候工作和学习会很艰难。
If you are not motivated, you will give up.
如果你没有动力，你就会放弃。
So that high motivation makes him a good speaker.
所以高动力使他成为一个好的英语口语者。
Finally, number three, he practices a lot, right?
最后，第三点，他经常练习，对吧？
He practices with a partner every day, he goes to these competitions and takes part in them.
他每天都和搭档一起练习，他去参加各种比赛。
And he also told me, outside the conversation, that he practices until the language becomes automatic and the ideas just flow.
在谈话之外，他还告诉我，他一直在练习，直到语言变成自动的，想法就脱口而出了。
So the practice is all important and all of this for me makes him such a confident speaker.
所以练习很重要，对我来说，所有这些让他成为了一个如此自信的口语者。
I didn't feel like he was a student trying to speak English.
我不觉得他是一个在学英语口语的学生。
He was just a confident speaker.
而是一个自信的口语者。
Could you share some tips, right? for students who are just starting to prepare for IELTS, especially IELTS Speaking, are there any tips that you could share?
你能分享一些建议吗？对于刚刚开始准备雅思考试，尤其是雅思口语考试的同学，你有什么建议可以和大家分享吗？
Well, I mean, I have developed myself from the very scratch.
我是从零开始学起的。
That's why I can also share some of my experiences. - Yeah.
我可以分享我的一些经历。- 是啊。
So the first thing I will try to, or like to suggest everyone is that create an environment.
我首先会尝试，或者想建议大家的是，创造一个环境。
Whatever you love, learn from that.
无论你喜欢什么，从中学习。
Maybe you love to read books, you can learn from there.
也许你喜欢看书，你可以从那里学习。
Maybe you love to watch YouTube videos.
也许你喜欢看 YouTube 视频。
I mean learn from there.
那就从那里学习。
They're pretty effective because when you are happy, your mind will work at its nicest.
它们非常有效，因为当你快乐的时候，你的大脑会以最好的状态工作。
And another thing is that practice a lot because you know a lot of thing and you are not trying to execute that on a regular basis you will lose.
另一件事是要经常练习，因为你知道很多东西，而你不去定期地去练习，你会生疏。
As you have mentioned, if you don't use, you will lose.
正如你提到的，刀子久了不用会生锈。
And that's really true.
这是真的。
Maybe it'll sound a bit cliche, but it's really true.
也许这听起来有点陈词滥调，但这是真的。
And the last one, which is my personal tip, is that don't care a lot about answers, or grammars, or other things.
最后一个，这是我个人的建议，那就是不要纠结于答案，或者语法，或者其他东西。
Keep practicing.
保持练习。
Okay. So whatever you have in your mind, try to just reflect that.
心里有什么想法，都试着把它表达出来。
It's like you have creativity in your mind and just try to reflect that on your canvas.
就像你脑子里有创造力，试着把它反映在画布上。
That will be really effective in the long run because after all in different situation, we need to deal with different topics like sometimes technology, sometimes transportation, or business, or any other thing.
从长远来看，这将非常有效，因为毕竟在不同的情况下，我们需要谈论不同的主题，比如有时技术，有时交通，或商业，或任何其他事情。
And when you are really likely to share your own opinion naturally that will boost up your confidence and without confidence, you cannot perform.
当你很自然地分享自己的观点时，这将增强你的信心，没有信心，你就无法发挥。
So that'll be my tips.
这就是我的建议。
And the last one, but not least I will try to mention is there don't learn huge amount of vocabularies.
最后一点，但并非最不重要的一点，我想说的是，不要学大量的词汇。
Because if I talk about the Asians, we love to learn maybe 1,000 or 2,000 vocabularies, but we cannot use that.
例如亚洲人，我们可能喜欢学习 1,000 或 2,000 个词汇，但我们不能使用它。
So I sometimes it's like, oh it's puzzle. I cannot use everything.
所以我有时会想，哦，这是个谜。我用不完这些词。
I have learned a lot but it's not working.
我学了很多词汇，但都不用不上。
So don't do that.
所以不要那样做。
Learn little lot of smart amount of vocabularies, like keep the portion really low in the beginning.
学习少量的词汇，比如一开始尽量少学词汇。
Learn some small things, try to execute that.
学习一些小词小句，试着运用它们。
Then when you are really okay with all the things you have, then try to scale that.
当你觉得你掌握得很好了，就扩展它。
Over time, learn more and more and use that.
随着时间的推移，你会学到越来越多的知识并加以利用。
And I guess that's it.
我想就这些了。
That's fantastic.
太棒了。
And I'm gonna say I totally agree with what you say.
我会说我完全同意你说的话。
I love your ideas.
我喜欢你的想法。
I think the focus on communication and creativity is really good because so many students block and stop because they're obsessed with the grammar.
我认为注重交流和创造力非常好，因为很多学生因为痴迷于语法而止步不前。
They're trying to think about the grammar and they can't speak.
他们老是想着语法而不开口说。
And the same problem with too much vocabulary, they can't speak, and they block, and they stop speaking.
词汇过多也有同样的问题，他们不开口说，他们专注于词汇而忽视开口。
So I think your advice is golden.
所以我认为你的建议非常好。
Really nice.
真不错。
Very, very good.
非常非常好。
That's excellent.
太棒了。
Abir, I think we're going to wind up.
阿比尔，我想我们要结束了。
It's been really interesting conversation.
这是一次非常有趣的谈话。
It's been lovely talking to you, learning about your ideas on topics and also about learning English.
很高兴和你聊天，了解你对主题的想法，也了解学习英语。
And I'm sure you will be an inspiration for many, many students, not only in Bangladesh, but I think in many countries around the world where they don't have an English environment and sometimes struggle.
我相信你会激励很多很多学生，不仅仅是孟加拉国的学生，但我认为在世界上许多国家，他们没有英语环境，有时会很困难。
I think your advice and your speaking is great.
我认为你的建议和你说的话很棒。
Great.
太好了。
Lovely. Well, listen, thank you so much. It's great to see you.
真棒。听着，非常感谢。见到你真是太好了。
Let's stay in touch and I wish you all the best. Okay?
让我们保持联系，祝你一切顺利。好吗？
Yeah. Yes, thank you too much as well.
好的。好的，也非常感谢。
And I will ask you to say hi to Bangladesh.
我想请你向孟加拉国问好。
I guess I'm the first one who is talking with you from Bangladesh.
我想我是第一个从孟加拉国和你聊天的人。
I'll say a big hi to all of you and your family and friends in Khulna and across Bangladesh as well.
我会向你们所有人以及你们在库尔纳和孟加拉国的家人和朋友问好。
Yes. Hello, everybody there.
嗯。大家好。
Thank you, so much.
谢谢，非常感谢。
Great, take care.
太好了，保重。
Bye-bye.
再见。
Thank you. Thank you so much.
谢谢你。太谢谢你了。
Take care.
保重。
So again, just let me summarize, right, Abir, who got an eight in IELTS Speaking, he mentions different tips for IELTS students.
让我再总结一下，阿比尔在雅思口语考试中得了 8 分，他提到了给雅思学生的不同建议。
His tips were create an English environment, learn from things that you love. Good.
他的建议是创造一个英语环境，从你喜欢的东西中学习。好。
Practice a lot, don't care too much about grammar, just speak out your ideas. Okay?
多多练习，不要太在意语法，把自己的想法说出来就好。好。
Yes, grammar's important, but don't think too much about it.
是的，语法很重要，但是不要想太多。
And finally, don't learn a huge amount of vocabulary, right?
最后，不要学太多的词汇，对吗？
Get a smaller amount of vocabulary, but activate it, execute it, use it.
学习少量的词汇，但是激活它，执行它，使用它。
That's the key.
这是关键。
Brilliant.
太棒了。
Well, listen, this brings us towards the end of this video and this conversation, the IELTS Speaking conversation with Abir.
好了，听着，这段视频和对话就要结束了，这是和阿比尔的雅思口语对话。
A big, big thank you, Abir, for doing this conversation.
非常非常感谢你，阿比尔，参加这次谈话。
I hope it has helped all of you with ideas, with useful phrases, especially those of you trying to get up to that band eight level.
我希望里面的想法和有用的短语能帮助你们，尤其是那些想考 8 分的同学。
And I'm sure it will be an inspiration not only for the students of Khulna, Bangladesh, but also the rest of the world.
我相信这不仅会激励孟加拉国库尔纳的学生，也会激励世界其他地方的学生。
